Background: It is demonstrated that c-Kit (receptor of stem CELL factor) mRNA is expressed in late 2-CELL stage to the expanded and hatched blastocyst and the stem CELL factor (SCF) transcript is detected in the oviduct and uterus. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different doses of SCF on mouse 2-CELL embryo developmentin vitro.Materials and Methods: 4-6 weeks old female mice were superovulated by i.p. injection of 7.5 IU PMSG and 46-48 hours later 7.5 IU hCG and caged overnight with males. 2-CELL stage embryos were collected from oviducts and cultured in T6 medium supplemented with 0, 1, 20 and 50 ng/ml SCF to blastocyst stage then the number of blastocysts, hatching/ hatched and survived blastocysts was assessed.Results: The proportion of 2-CELL embryos which developed to the blastocyst stage in group of 50 ng/ml SCF were significantly higher than control group (p<0.05).There was no difference in blastocyst FORMATION between 1 and 20 ng/ml SCF and control groups (p>0.05). Hatching rate and blastocyst survival among control and treatment groups was not significant (p>0.05).Conclusion: Culture of mouse 2-CELL embryos in the presence of SCF has beneficial effects on the rate of blastocyst FORMATION.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the factors affecting the FORMATION of leading schools, so that it can be used in Iran's education. For this purpose, first, according to the research background and theoretical foundations, a conceptual framework was presented in the field of the components of an efficient and progressive school. Due to the nature of the subject, this research is an applied and developmental research and its method is of a mixed type, and includes quantitative and qualitative methods. According to the obtained inFORMATION, the statistical population is about 3000 people. The sample size is estimated to be 344 people using Morgan's table. Stratified sampling method was used for sampling in this research, and 84 managers and 260 teachers participated in this study. The tool of this research is a researcher-made questionnaire. To analyze the data and answer the research questions, the correlation coefficient test and factor analysis were used. The results of the research showed that the components of management and leadership, research factors, educational factors, human resources, budget and infrastructure, technology and equipment are the main components of the FORMATION of leading schools, and the component of educational factors has the largest contribution.

Milk thistle (Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn) belonging to the Asteraceae family and known for its valuable secondary metabolite, silymarin. In order to get the CELL suspension culture of Silybum marianum, the combination of 2,4-D and BAP hormones each with five different concentrations (0, 0.1, 1, 2 and 5 mg/L) and 3 different seedling explants (cotyledon, hypocotyl and root) was used to callus FORMATION. High-quality callus was observed in eight different of hormone-explant combinations. Successful CELL suspension culture was achieved only by using callus created from cotyledon explants treated with 0.1 mg/L 2,4-D and 5 mg/L BAP. Furthermore, the study examined the effects of 2% and 4% Serendipita indica CELL wall extract as an elicitor on silymarin production in CELL suspension culture at three different inoculation times (24, 48, and 72 h). After 48 h of inoculation with 2% fungal extract, the highest level of silymarin (199 ppm) was observed, which was significantly different from the control (46 ppm). The silymarin content of CELLs increased over time through elicitation with 4% fungal elicitor, while no similar pattern was observed with 2% fungal extract. Based on the results, the CELL wall of S. indica can significantly enhance the amount of SLM in the CELL suspension culture of S. marianum.

Zinc has an important role in skin health and its deficiency reduces immunity to evaluate levels of zinc in squamous CELL carcinoma (SCC) and basal CELL carcinoma (BCC) of skin, we studied 44 BCC and 38 SCC cases together with 33 controls. Blood samples were taken and after separation of serum, levels of zinc, albumin and total protein were measured by atomic absorption albumin kit and reflectometer consecutively. Serum globulin levels were estimated by subtracting albumin from total protein levels. Zinc levels were significantly lower in cancer cases than control (P<0.001). Mean serum albumin of BCC cases was significantly more than controls (P<0.01), but in BCC cases was not significantly different. Significant correlations were seen between levels of serum zinc and albumin of SCC (r=0.507, P<0.01) and BCC(r=0.43, P<0.01) patients and controls(r=0.35,P<0.01). Mean globulin levels in cancer cases were significantly lower than control group (P<0.01).We concluded that serum zinc and globulin levels decrease in BCC and SCC of skin.

Nowadays, factories should exercise and develop adaptability to the competitively dynamic environment of current markets and businesses. Different strategies and systems exist to help factories in a dynamic environment. In this paper, a new multi-objective mathematical model was presented by implementing dynamic virtual CELLular manufacturing and considering new product development, which enable factories to be successful in their business. This paper follows three objectives: maximizing the total profi ts of the factory in all the periods, the grouping efficacy, and the number of new products. Following the linearization of the proposed model, multi-choice goal programming with utility function was used to solve the model. Further, a case study was conducted in the real world to show the effectiveness of the proposed model and, finally, the results showed that the integration of virtual CELLular manufacturing with new product development could be helpful for managers and companies and ensure higher efficiency.

This paper presents a new nonlinear mathematical model to solve a CELL FORMATION problem which assumes that processing time and interarrival time of parts are random variables. In this research, CELLs are defined as a queue system which will be optimized via queuing theory. In this queue system, each machine is assumed as a server and each part as a customer. The grouping of machines and parts are optimized based on the mean waiting time. For solving exactly, the proposed model is linearized. Since the CELL FORMATION problem is NP-Hard, two algorithms based on genetic and modified particle swarm optimization (MPSO) algorithms are developed to solve the problem. For generating of initial solutions in these algorithms, a new heuristic method is developed, which always creates feasible solutions. Also, full factorial and Taguchi methods are used to set the crucial parameters in the solutions procedures. Numerical experiments are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms. The results of the study show that the proposed algorithms are capable of generating better quality solutions in much less time. Finally, a statistical method is used which confirmed that the MPSO algorithm generates higher quality solutions in comparison with the genetic algorithm (GA).